{"id":801,"date":"2025-01-22T18:05:48","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T18:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/?post_type=biomarker-solutions&#038;p=801"},"modified":"2025-06-01T13:53:50","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T13:53:50","slug":"pulmonary-fibrosis","status":"publish","type":"biomarker-solution","link":"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-solution\/respiratory\/pulmonary-fibrosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Pulmonary Fibrosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"two-column group white bg-white\">\n        <!-- \n        initialize dynamic classes\n        bg-grey\n        bg-dark\n        lg:flex-row-reverse\n        lg:flex-row\n        -->\n   <div class=\"inner items-center lg:p-8 xl:p-10 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto flex gap-4 lg:gap-8 xl:gap-10 flex-col lg:flex-row\">\n        <article class=\"flex flex-col justify-between flex-1 text-column lg:py-8 xl:py-10\">\n            <div class=\"\">\n                <div>\n                                    <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold xl:mb-8 title text-m-title-lg xl:text-d-title-md group-[.white]:text-navy group-[.grey]:text-navy group-[.dark]:text-fontlight\">Biomarkers in pulmonary fibrosis<\/h2>\n                 \n\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wysiwyg mb-8 xl:mb-0 body-text group-[.white]:text-blue group-[.grey]:text-blue group-[.dark]:text-fontlightbody\">\n                    <p>Progressive pulmonary fibrosis,\u00a0including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is associated with abnormal lung tissue remodeling and excessive extracellular matrix deposition.\u00a0The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/technology\/nordic-proteinfingerprint-technology\/\">Nordic ProteinFingerPrint Technology<sup>TM<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0offers extracellular matrix (ECM) biomarkers that quantify the synthesis and degradation of key proteins in the fibrotic lung.<\/p>\n<p>These biomarkers can be used early on for patient stratification, aiding in the inclusion of fast-progressing patients in clinical trials. The most common primary endpoint in clinical trials for IPF is to slow the decline in lung function (forced vital capacity [FVC]).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-solutions\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"461\">Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarkers<\/a>\u00a0have the potential to reflect treatment effects faster and more precisely than spirometry, enabling shorter and more effective trials. These biomarkers can also be used for precision medicine by monitoring and continuous evaluation of anti-fibrotic effects and potentially aid in therapy selection for the individual patient. Additionally, the biomarkers are\u00a0translational\u00a0and can be used across preclinical model systems to demonstrate anti-fibrotic effects throughout the drug development pipeline.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"mt-8 mb-4 xl:mb-8 links\">\n                        <h3 class=\"mb-2 text-blue group-[.dark]:text-fontlight text-body-sm\">Publications<\/h3>\n                        <ul class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-2\">\n                                                                                                 <li>\n                                        <a class=\"inline-block transition ease-out duration-100 px-[6px] py-1 group-[.dark]:bg-[#434343] group-[.dark]:text-fontlight text-body-sm bg-border rounded-sm text-blue xl:hover:bg-petroleum xl:hover:text-fontlight group-[.dark]:xl:hover:bg-petroleum group-[.dark]:xl:hover:text-fontlight\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/publication\/?search=%22pulmonary%20fibrosis%22\" target=\"_blank\">Pulmonary fibrosis<\/a>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                                                                 <li>\n                                        <a class=\"inline-block transition ease-out duration-100 px-[6px] py-1 group-[.dark]:bg-[#434343] group-[.dark]:text-fontlight text-body-sm bg-border rounded-sm text-blue xl:hover:bg-petroleum xl:hover:text-fontlight group-[.dark]:xl:hover:bg-petroleum group-[.dark]:xl:hover:text-fontlight\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/publication\/?search=%22IPF%22\" target=\"_blank\">IPF<\/a>\n                                    <\/li>\n                                                                                    <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-6 xl:mt-8 group dark-button\">\n                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-portfolio\/therapeutic-area\/respiratory-diseases\/biomarker-panel\/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf,lung-fibrosis\/\" class=\"group button fill flex items-center font-poppins px-6 py-4 gap-2 transition ease-out duration-200 \n            bg-buttonfill \n            xl:hover:bg-petroleum \n            xl:hover:border-petroleum \n            group-[.dark-button]:text-fontdark \n            group-[.light-button]:text-fontlight\n            xl:group-[.dark-button]:hover:text-fontlight\n            border-2 border-turquoise border-solid rounded-full\n            xl:hover:[&#038;_svg_path]:fill-fontlight\n            group\/button\n            \" target=\"_blank\">\n            Browse our lung fibrosis biomarker panels            <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                <path class=\"group-[.dark-button]:fill-fontdark group-[.light-button]:fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/button:!fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/subtlebutton:!fill-turquoise transition ease-out duration-200\" d=\"M8.0026 2.66699L7.0626 3.60699L10.7826 7.33366L2.66927 7.33366L2.66927 8.66699L10.7826 8.66699L7.05594 12.387L8.0026 13.3337L13.3359 8.00033L8.0026 2.66699Z\" fill=\"#F8F8F8\"\/>\n            <\/svg>\n            <!--group\/button-->\n        <\/a>\n                                                                            <\/div>\n                        <\/article>\n        <figure class=\"flex-1 rounded-md -order-1 xl:order-none  xl:rounded-xl overflow-clip media-column shadow-main\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"object-cover min-h-full aspect-square\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/blue-low-poly-lung-e1737570570193.webp\" alt=\"\">\n        <\/figure>   \n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"one-column-block bg-grey py-10\">\n<div class=\"inner xl:p-10 xl:pt-20 xl:pb-20 lg:p-8 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto\">\n\n        <div class=\"max-w-[900px] mx-auto wysiwyg\">\n            <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold xl:mb-8 title text-m-title-lg xl:text-d-title-md group-[.white]:text-navy group-[.grey]:text-navy group-[.dark]:text-fontlight\">Prognostic biomarkers in pulmonary fibrosis<\/h2>\n            <p>Nordic Bioscience develops biomarkers for pulmonary fibrosis that identify patients at high risk of progression and\/or death. In the prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study PROFILE, our pulmonary team showed that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/blog\/extracellular-matric-animation\/\">extracellular matrix (ECM)<\/a>\u00a0biomarkers were significantly elevated in fast-progressing IPF patients (FVC decline \u2265 10% or death at 12 months) compared with slow progressors (figure 1A)<sup>[<a title=\"Organ L et al., Respir Res, 2019\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-019-1118-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1<\/a>]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, IPF patients with high baseline biomarker levels were at increased risk of mortality. Additionally, it has been shown that IPF subjects with increasing biomarker levels over three months were at greater risk of mortality compared to those with stable biomarker levels (figure 1B)<sup>[<a title=\"Jenkins G et al., Lancet Resp Med, 2015\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00048-X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2<\/a>]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>These results demonstrate how the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/technology\/nordic-proteinfingerprint-technology\/\"> Nordic ProteinFingerPrint Technology\u2122<\/a> can be used for patient stratification and for monitoring disease progression over time.<\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"lightbox\":{\"enabled\":true},\"id\":805,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-scaled.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-805\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x325.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x325.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-300x95.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-768x243.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1536x487.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-2048x649.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong> ECM biomarkers were measured in patients with IPF as part of the prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study, PROFILE. A) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-portfolio\/pro-c6\/\">NordicPRO-C6\u2122<\/a> was significantly elevated in fast-progressing IPF patients (FVC decline \u2265 10% or death at 12 months) when compared to slow progressors. B) IPF patients with increasing levels of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-portfolio\/c1m\/\">C1M<\/a> were at greater risk of mortality compared to those with stable or declining levels. HR: hazard ratio.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n\n<section class=\"call-to-action\">\n        <!-- \n        initialize dynamic classes\n        bg-greybg\n        bg-dark\n        xl:flex-row-reverse\n        xl:flex-row\n        -->\n   <div class=\"inner xl:p-10 lg:p-8 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto flex gap-4 xl:gap-10 flex-col\">\n        <article style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lila-2-webp-1024x682.webp)\" class=\"bg-cover shadow-main flex overflow-clip flex-col justify-between px-5 py-10 rounded-md bg-gray-600 xl:p-40 text-column xl:rounded-xl after:content-[''] after:block after:inset-0 relative after:absolute after:bg-gradient-to-b from-black\/0 to-black\">\n            <div class=\"max-w-[900px] mx-auto relative z-10\">\n                <div class=\"text-center text-balance\">\n                     \n                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"mb-8 text-center !text-fontlight\/90 body-text text-balance\">\n                                            <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"flex flex-col items-center w-full gap-4 md:gap-6 xl:mt-8 xl:flex-row xl:justify-center group light-button\">\n                                                                                    <div class=\"w-full text-center md:w-auto\">\n\n                                            <a href=\"mailto:bd@nordicbioscience.com?subject=General%20Inquiry\" class=\"group button fill flex items-center font-poppins px-6 py-4 gap-2 transition ease-out duration-200 \n            bg-buttonfill \n            xl:hover:bg-petroleum \n            xl:hover:border-petroleum \n            group-[.dark-button]:text-fontdark \n            group-[.light-button]:text-fontlight\n            xl:group-[.dark-button]:hover:text-fontlight\n            border-2 border-turquoise border-solid rounded-full\n            xl:hover:[&#038;_svg_path]:fill-fontlight\n            group\/button\n            \" target=\"\">\n            Interested to learn more? Reach out!            <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                <path class=\"group-[.dark-button]:fill-fontdark group-[.light-button]:fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/button:!fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/subtlebutton:!fill-turquoise transition ease-out duration-200\" d=\"M8.0026 2.66699L7.0626 3.60699L10.7826 7.33366L2.66927 7.33366L2.66927 8.66699L10.7826 8.66699L7.05594 12.387L8.0026 13.3337L13.3359 8.00033L8.0026 2.66699Z\" fill=\"#F8F8F8\"\/>\n            <\/svg>\n            <!--group\/button-->\n        <\/a>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                            <\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                    <\/article>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"one-column-block bg-grey py-10\">\n<div class=\"inner xl:p-10 xl:pt-20 xl:pb-20 lg:p-8 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto\">\n\n        <div class=\"max-w-[900px] mx-auto wysiwyg\">\n            <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold xl:mb-8 title text-m-title-lg xl:text-d-title-md group-[.white]:text-navy group-[.grey]:text-navy group-[.dark]:text-fontlight\">Pharmacodynamic biomarkers<\/h2>\n            <p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarkers are pharmacodynamic and can serve as indicators of treatment effect. In particular, the LPA1 antagonist BMS-986020 significantly improved FVC decline in a phase 2b clinical trial of IPF (figure 2A)[3] and reduced the levels of biomarkers reflecting tissue remodeling, epithelial damage, and inflammation (figure 2B)[4].<\/p>\n<p>Importantly, a significant decrease in some of these biomarkers was detected at week 4, prior to effects on FVC (figure 2B and [5]). Similar effects were observed with the dual integrin inhibitor Bexotegrast (PLN-74809) in the INTEGRIS-IPF phase 2a clinical trial, which reduced both type III collagen synthesis and FVC decline at 4 weeks (figure 3)[6].<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">These findings highlight the value of the Nordic ProteinFingerPrint TechnologyTM in clinical trials for tracking pharmacodynamic effects over time. As Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarkers have the potential to detect treatment effects earlier than traditional spirometry, they can contribute to the design of more efficient and shorter clinical trials.<\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:image {\"id\":804,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-804\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><em><em><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong>\u00a0In a phase 2b clinical trial with an LPA1 antagonist, 143 IPF patients were randomized to receive placebo, 600 mg BMS-986020 once daily (QD) or twice daily (BD) for 26 weeks. A) Change from baseline in forced vital capacity (FVC) for the placebo and active treatment arms at day 28, weeks 13 and 26. B) Change from baseline in Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarkers reflecting tissue remodelling (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/c1m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C1M<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/c3m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C3M<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/products\/biomarkers\/c6m\">C6M<\/a>), epithelial damage (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/c4m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C4M<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/pro-c4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PRO-C4<\/a>), and inflammation (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/vicm\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">VICM<\/a>). Biomarkers were assessed in serum samples at baseline, day 28 and week 26. SE: Standard Error, SEM: Standard Error of the Mean.<\/em><\/em><\/em><!-- wp:image {\"id\":803,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"none\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-scaled.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-803\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-1024x399.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-1024x399.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-300x117.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-768x300.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-1536x599.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pharmacodynamic-biomarkers-in-ipf-patients-nordic-bioscience4-2048x799.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Figure 3:<\/strong>\u00a0The INTEGRIS-IPF phase 2a clinical trial evaluated the effects of a dual integrin inhibitor in 119 IPF patients. Patients received placebo, 40 mg, 80 mg, 160 mg, or 320 mg of Bexotegrast (PLN-74809). The study met its primary endpoint, and the figure shows the 12-week interim data. A) Change from baseline in serum\u00a0n<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/pro-c3\/\">nordicPRO-C3\u2122 (PRO-C3<\/a>)<em>\u00a0levels vs Placebo at 4 and 12 weeks. B) Proportion of participants having a decline in FVC in percent predicted (FVCpp) \u2265 10% at week 12. LS: Least Squares, SEM: Standard Error of the Mean<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><!-- \/wp:image --><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"two-column-text group  bg-\">\n   <div class=\"inner lg:p-8 xl:p-10 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto flex gap-4 lg:flex-row lg:gap-8 xl:gap-10 flex-col\">\n        <div class=\"w-full left-column lg:w-1\/2 xl:w-1\/2 wysiwyg\">\n             <h2>Translational biomarkers<\/h2>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">At Nordic Bioscience we believe that\u00a0translational science\u00a0may improve drug development. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of our biomarkers to translate and reverse translate between pulmonary fibrosis patients and\u00a0<em>in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo\u00a0<\/em>model systems. Our team has shown that ECM biomarkers, such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker\/pro-c6\/\" data-type=\"biomarker\" data-id=\"1137\">PRO-C6 (nordicPRO-C6\u2122)<\/a>, can be dose-dependently modulated by anti-fibrotic therapies when quantified in blood from IPF patients and in supernatants\/blood from models of pulmonary fibrosis (figure 4)<sup>[<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-020-01369-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">7<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ers-education.org\/events\/international-congress\/paris-2018\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">8<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.atsjournals.org\/doi\/10.1164\/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_MeetingAbstracts.A7301\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">9<\/a>]<\/sup>. We have shown effects on our biomarkers in the primary fibroblast model Scar-in-a-Jar (SiaJ), in the precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) model, and in the mouse and rat bleomycin model.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">These results demonstrate how the Nordic ProteinFingerPrint Technology<sup>TM<\/sup>\u00a0may be used pharmacodynamically and translationally, demonstrating anti-fibrotic effects throughout different drug development stages.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"w-full right-column lg:w-1\/2 xl:w-1\/2 wysiwyg\">\n             <figure><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-scaled.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-807\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1033\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-scaled.webp 2560w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-300x121.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x413.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-768x310.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1536x620.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/translational-science-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-2048x827.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><em>Figure 4.<\/em><\/strong><em>\u00a0Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarker\u00a0PRO-C6\u00a0was dose-dependently modulated by anti-fibrotic treatment across the model systems A) Scar-in-a-Jar (SiaJ) and B) precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), as well as C) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). BL: Baseline.\u00a0<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n        <\/div>   \n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-solution\/respiratory\/translational-models-in-pulmonary-fibrosis\/\">Learn more about our translational lung models<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"two-column group white bg-white\">\n        <!-- \n        initialize dynamic classes\n        bg-grey\n        bg-dark\n        lg:flex-row-reverse\n        lg:flex-row\n        -->\n   <div class=\"inner items-center lg:p-8 xl:p-10 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto flex gap-4 lg:gap-8 xl:gap-10 flex-col lg:flex-row-reverse\">\n        <article class=\"flex flex-col justify-between flex-1 text-column lg:py-8 xl:py-10\">\n            <div class=\"\">\n                <div>\n                                    <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold xl:mb-8 title text-m-title-lg xl:text-d-title-md group-[.white]:text-navy group-[.grey]:text-navy group-[.dark]:text-fontlight\">Tissue remodeling in pulmonary fibrosis<\/h2>\n                 \n\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"wysiwyg mb-8 xl:mb-0 body-text group-[.white]:text-blue group-[.grey]:text-blue group-[.dark]:text-fontlightbody\">\n                    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by a dysregulated ECM remodeling. In particular, IPF is believed to be initiated by injury to the alveolar epithelial layer, disrupting the underlying basement membrane. Ineffective attempts to repair the epithelium and basement membrane activates fibroblasts which start to secrete ECM proteins which are then deposited in the interstitial matrix. The normally thin layer of tissue in the distal lungs is thickened, hindering gas transfer in the alveoli. The fibrillar type I and III collagens are the main ECM proteins deposited in the fibrotic tissue.<\/p>\n<p>The production of type VI collagen is also affected and causes the release of the pro-fibrotic peptide, endotrophin, which is believed to play a crucial role in fibrosis development. Inflammatory cells recruited to the site of injury release proteases which degrade <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/blog\/why-measure-the-right-epitope-of-the-right-protein\/\">ECM proteins<\/a> in an attempt to repair the damaged lung and remove fibrotic tissue, resulting in an enhanced lung tissue degradation. The balance between deposition and degradation of ECM proteins is essential to maintain tissue homeostasis (figure 5)<sup>[<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-016-0440-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10<\/a>]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Nordic Bioscience\u2019s biomarkers are available to evaluate these different disease processes, including tissue remodeling, epithelial damage, wound healing, and inflammation, in our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/laboratory-services\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1976\">CAP-accredited laboratory<\/a>.<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"flex flex-wrap gap-6 xl:mt-8 group dark-button\">\n                                                                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-portfolio\/therapeutic-area\/respiratory-diseases\/biomarker-panel\/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf,lung-fibrosis\/\" class=\"group button fill flex items-center font-poppins px-6 py-4 gap-2 transition ease-out duration-200 \n            bg-buttonfill \n            xl:hover:bg-petroleum \n            xl:hover:border-petroleum \n            group-[.dark-button]:text-fontdark \n            group-[.light-button]:text-fontlight\n            xl:group-[.dark-button]:hover:text-fontlight\n            border-2 border-turquoise border-solid rounded-full\n            xl:hover:[&#038;_svg_path]:fill-fontlight\n            group\/button\n            \" target=\"\">\n            Order pulmonary fibrosis biomarkers            <svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                <path class=\"group-[.dark-button]:fill-fontdark group-[.light-button]:fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/button:!fill-fontlight xl:group-hover\/subtlebutton:!fill-turquoise transition ease-out duration-200\" d=\"M8.0026 2.66699L7.0626 3.60699L10.7826 7.33366L2.66927 7.33366L2.66927 8.66699L10.7826 8.66699L7.05594 12.387L8.0026 13.3337L13.3359 8.00033L8.0026 2.66699Z\" fill=\"#F8F8F8\"\/>\n            <\/svg>\n            <!--group\/button-->\n        <\/a>\n                                                                            <\/div>\n                        <\/article>\n        <figure class=\"flex-1 rounded-md -order-1 xl:order-none  xl:rounded-xl overflow-clip media-column shadow-main\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"object-cover min-h-full aspect-square\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pink-webp-scaled.webp\" alt=\"\">\n        <\/figure>   \n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"accordion-block\">\n    <div class=\"inner xl:p-10 lg:p-8 lg:pb-0 xl:pb-0 p-5 pb-0 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto\">\n        <div>\n                    <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold xl:mb-8 title text-m-title-lg xl:text-d-title-lg text-navy\">About pulmonary fibrosis and IPF<\/h2>\n         \n        <\/div>\n            <ul class=\"accordion\">\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"1\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">What is pulmonary fibrosis?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-1\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-1\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p>What is pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic interstitial lung disease in which progressive scarring of the lungs leads to fibrosis and loss of lung function. People with pulmonary fibrosis suffer from dry, persistent cough and progressive fatigue. Patients with IPF have a poor prognosis with an average survival of 3-5 years after diagnosis without effective treatment.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"2\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">How many people have pulmonary fibrosis?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-2\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-2\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p>Despite being considered a rare disease, millions of people suffer from pulmonary fibrosis, and about 50,000 new cases of\u00a0IPF are diagnosed each year. Risk factors include age, gender, tobacco use, and a family history of pulmonary fibrosis, as some genes are associated with IPF.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"3\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">How is pulmonary fibrosis diagnosed and treated?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-3\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-3\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Nordic Bioscience develops biomarkers for pulmonary fibrosis that identify patients at high risk of progression and\/or death. In the prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study PROFILE, our pulmonary team showed that\u00a0extracellular matrix (ECM)\u00a0biomarkers were significantly elevated in fast-progressing IPF patients (FVC decline \u2265 10% or death at 12 months) compared with slow progressors (figure 1A)<sup>[<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-019-1118-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1<\/a>]<\/sup>. Moreover, IPF patients with high baseline biomarker levels were at increased risk of mortality. Additionally, it has been shown that IPF subjects with increasing biomarker levels over three months were at greater risk of mortality compared to those with stable biomarker levels (figure 1B)<sup>[<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00048-X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2<\/a>]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph {\"align\":\"left\",\"style\":{\"typography\":{\"fontSize\":\"16px\"}}} --><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">These results demonstrate how the Nordic ProteinFingerPrint Technology<sup>TM<\/sup>\u00a0can be used for patient stratification and for monitoring disease progression over time.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:image {\"id\":805,\"sizeSlug\":\"large\",\"linkDestination\":\"media\",\"align\":\"center\"} --><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-scaled.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"325\" class=\"wp-image-805\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x325.webp\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1024x325.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-300x95.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-768x243.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-1536x487.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/progression-and-mortality-pulmonary-fibrosis-ipf-nordic-bioscience-2048x649.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong>\u00a0ECM biomarkers were measured in patients with IPF as part of the prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study, PROFILE. A)\u00a0nordicPRO-C6\u2122 (PRO-C6)\u00a0was significantly elevated in fast-progressing IPF patients (FVC decline \u2265 10% or death at 12 months) when compared to slow progressors. B) IPF patients with increasing levels of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nordicbioscience.com\/biomarker-portfolio\/c1m\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C1M<\/a>\u00a0were at greater risk of mortality compared to those with stable or declining levels.\u00a0HR: hazard ratio.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:image --> <!-- wp:buttons {\"layout\":{\"type\":\"flex\",\"justifyContent\":\"center\"}} --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons\">\n<p><!-- wp:button --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\">Browse our pulmonary fibrosis biomarker panel<\/a><\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:button --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:buttons -->IPF\u00a0is diagnosed by lung function tests, a chest X-ray and a high-resolution CT scan to identify the fibrotic pattern associated with pulmonary fibrosis. A lung biopsy may also be needed to make a diagnosis.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Currently, two antifibrotic agents are approved by the FDA and EMA for the treatment of IPF, namely pirfenidone and nintedanib. However, neither of these can stop the disease but only slow its progression. In addition, both agents have been associated with patient tolerability issues and have limited effect in improving a patient&#8217;s quality of life.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"4\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">How can biomarkers support pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis and treatment?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-4\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-4\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p data-start=\"440\" data-end=\"788\">Biomarkers provide non-invasive tools to measure active fibrosis, inflammation, and epithelial damage in the lungs. They help detect disease progression earlier than spirometry, monitor treatment response, and identify patients most likely to benefit from specific therapies.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"5\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">How do biomarkers enhance clinical trials in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-5\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-5\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p data-start=\"1159\" data-end=\"1508\">Biomarkers can detect treatment effects within weeks, well before changes in lung function are measurable. This allows for shorter, more efficient trials and improved patient stratification, helping developers target therapies to patients who are likely to respond.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                            <!-- Accordion Item -->\n                <li>\n                    <button data-index=\"6\" \n                            class=\"flex items-center justify-between w-full py-5 font-bold text-m-title-sm xl:text-d-title-sm accordion-button text-navy\">\n                        <span class=\"text-start\">Why are ECM biomarkers important in pulmonary fibrosis research?<\/span>\n                        <span id=\"icon-6\" class=\"transition-transform duration-300 text-turquoise\">\n                            <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"currentColor\" class=\"w-4 h-4 xl:w-6 xl:h-6\">\n                                <path d=\"M8.75 3.75a.75.75 0 0 0-1.5 0v3.5h-3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5h3.5v3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 1.5 0v-3.5h3.5a.75.75 0 0 0 0-1.5h-3.5v-3.5Z\" \/>\n                            <\/svg>\n                        <\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                    <div id=\"content-6\" class=\"overflow-hidden transition-all duration-300 ease-in-out accordion-content max-h-0\">\n                        <div class=\"pb-5 text-sm max-w-[600px] text-blue\">\n                            <p data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"1157\">Extracellular matrix biomarkers directly reflect the core fibrotic processes occurring in the lung. These markers, such as nordicPRO-C3\u2122 and nordicPRO-C6\u2122, quantify collagen formation and degradation, offering insight into tissue remodeling and enabling faster evaluation of anti-fibrotic treatments.<\/p>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n    \n    <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"two-column group white bg-white\">\n        <!-- \n        initialize dynamic classes\n        bg-greybg\n        bg-dark\n        xl:flex-row-reverse\n        xl:flex-row\n        -->\n   <div class=\"inner xl:p-10 lg:p-8 p-5 max-w-[1440px] mx-auto flex gap-4 xl:gap-10 flex-col xl:flex-row-reverse\">\n        <article class=\"flex flex-col justify-between flex-1 text-column\">\n            <div class=\"\">\n                <div>\n                                    <h2 class=\"mb-4 font-bold 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